Aural Hematomas
An aural hematoma is a localized swelling on the ear flap, caused by bleeding between the skin and cartilage of the ear. It often looks like a soft, fluid-filled balloon and can develop suddenly. Though never life-threatening, it is uncomfortable, and without proper treatment, it can lead to long-term ear deformity.
What Causes an Aural Hematoma?
An aural hematoma is most commonly caused by repeated head shaking or ear scratching. This can happen in response to ear infections, allergies, ear mites, or other irritants that cause discomfort. The trauma from scratching or flapping the ears leads to broken blood vessels inside the ear flap, causing blood to accumulate under the skin.
Who Is Most at Risk?
Any dog or cat with ear discomfort is at risk, but it is especially common in:
Dogs with long, floppy ears
Pets with untreated ear infections or allergies
Animals prone to chronic skin or ear problems
Older pets with fragile blood vessels
Signs to Watch For
Swelling of the ear flap (pinna), usually soft and warm
Head shaking or scratching
Sensitivity when the ear is touched
Visible bruising or a fluid-filled appearance
If you notice these signs, it's important to see your veterinarian promptly, however, this is not considered a medical emergency. A visit with your regular veterinarian or an urgent care veterinarian (if your regular veterinarian is unavailable) is ideal.
What Happens at the Vet?
Your veterinarian will examine your pet's ear. There are multiple different approaches to managing aural hematomas, and your vet may utilize one of the following:
Medical Management: Many veterinarians now opt for medical management, depending on the size and severity of the hematoma. Sometimes the hematoma is drained, while in other cases, medication may be infused directly into the ear. Some vets will wrap the ear over the head to reduce further trauma and allow the hematoma to resolve naturally. Oral anti-inflammatories or other medications may also be prescribed.
Needle Aspiration: In some cases, the fluid can be drawn out with a needle. However, this method has a higher chance of recurrence unless the underlying cause is also treated.
Surgical Correction: This used to be the most commonly recommended treatment. It involves surgically opening the ear, draining the blood, and suturing the area to prevent reaccumulation. While still an effective option, it may not be necessary in every case. A head bandage or cone is often needed during recovery.
Preventing Future Hematomas
Keep ears clean and dry
Address signs of ear discomfort early
Follow your vet’s advice for managing allergies or chronic ear problems
What to Expect at Home
After treatment, your pet may go home with:
A head wrap, or recommendations to purchase a “no flap ear wrap”
A cone (e-collar) to prevent further injury
Ear medications or oral antibiotics
Instructions for cleaning and follow-up visits
Healing can take a few weeks, and in some cases, the ear may appear slightly crinkled after recovery. This is purely cosmetic and does not affect your pet’s hearing or comfort.
Conclusion
While an aural hematoma may look alarming, it is a treatable condition. The key is early veterinary attention and addressing the underlying cause of ear irritation. With proper care, most pets recover well and avoid permanent ear damage.
If your pet suddenly develops a swollen ear, shaking the head and seems uncomfortable, schedule a veterinary visit with your local vet. Early treatment means less discomfort, faster healing, and better long-term results.
