Mothball Toxicity
Mothballs are small, round pesticide products commonly used in closets, drawers, and storage bins to repel or kill moths and other fabric-eating insects. They may seem harmless, but to dogs and cats they can be highly toxic. Pets often find them interesting because of their smell or play-like shape, which can lead to accidental chewing or swallowing.
Most mothballs contain either naphthalene or paradichlorobenzene. Both are dangerous, but naphthalene is significantly more toxic. In fact, just one mothball containing naphthalene can cause severe poisoning in a small dog or cat. Even inhaling the fumes in an enclosed space can irritate your pet’s respiratory tract over time.
How Mothballs Harm Pets
Naphthalene toxicity: causes oxidative damage to red blood cells, leading to anemia, weakness, and potential organ damage.
Paradichlorobenzene toxicity: typically causes gastrointestinal upset and neurologic signs, though large ingestions can be life-threatening.
Inhalation exposure: may cause coughing, sneezing, watery eyes, or more serious breathing problems.
Signs of Mothball Poisoning
Vomiting, drooling, or loss of appetite
Lethargy, weakness, or collapse
Tremors or seizures
Pale gums or rapid breathing (signs of anemia)
Jaundice (yellowing of the gums, eyes, or skin)
Breathing difficulties
What to Do if Your Pet is Exposed
Act immediately. Do not wait for signs to appear—damage can begin quickly.
Call Animal Poison Control immediately for guidance
ASPCA Poison Control (888-426-4435)
Do not try home remedies or wait to see if your pet “passes it.” Prompt care is critical.
Do not induce vomiting unless directed by poison control or your veterinarian
Veterinary Care
Depending on the timing and severity, your vet may induce vomiting, administer activated charcoal to limit absorption, start IV fluids, give medications to protect red blood cells and the liver, and provide oxygen or transfusions if anemia is severe.
Prevention
Store mothballs in sealed containers, far from pets and children.
Avoid scattering them loosely in closets, attics, or gardens where pets may encounter them.
Consider non-toxic alternatives such as cedar chips or vacuum-sealed storage for clothing.
Final Thought
Mothballs can cause severe harm to pets. Make sure to keep them safely stored, and if you suspect exposure, call animal poison control for help right away.
Gal Chivvis, DVM
